Humidity tester

This is a humidity tester.If you are conducting a flower nursery you can use this circuit to know the humidity of your green houses.and we can attach alarms for this.then it will show you that the humidity has changed so you can use this circuit to grow your plants under a control situation

Notes.

* The probes can be anything like iron nail.pin paper clip etc.
* To calibrate the circuit for particular density,insert the two probes to the required material and adjust R3 so that the LED glows.The LED will glow whenever the humidity of the testing sample becomes equal to this humidity level.
* A 3V battery can be used to power the circuit.
* Another general purpose NPN transistors like BC107,BC148,2N2222 etc can be also used for Q1.

Circuit Board Checker

This little circuit indicates the basic integrity of a printed board, detecting 0V, positive supply voltage from less than 3V to 30V and floating parts. If the probe is floating, as it would be in a broken track, then both LEDs barely light up, since there is no current to drive the transistors, but if the probe touches 0V or a positive voltage one or other lights. A digital signal should light them in proportion to the mark-space ratio whereas the output of a circuit oscillating at a frequency rate below about 20Hz will cause the LEDs to flicker alternatively. The LEDs will illuminate always at a constant intensity, no matter the voltage supply used, because they are fed by a very simple FET constant-current generator (Q1).


Parts:

R1 = 22K
R2 = 22K
D1 = Red LED
D2 = Green LED
Q1 = BF245
Q2 = BC547
Q3 = BC557



Notes:

* The Black clip must be connected to the negative ground of the board under test.
* The Red clip should be connected to a positive voltage source (not exceeding 30V) available on the same board.
* Metal probe is suitable for this circuit.
* Two Miniature Crocodile Clips (Red and Black) are also necessary.

Self-powered Fast Battery-Tester

This circuit runs a fast battery test without the need of power supply or expensive moving-coil voltmeters. It features two ranges: when SW1 is set as shown in the circuit diagram, the device can test 3V to 15V batteries. When SW1 is switched to the other position, only 1.5V cells can be tested.


Parts:
R1______________2K2 1/4W Resistor R2______________3R3 1/4W Resistor R3_____________10R 1/4W Resistor R4______________4K7 1/4W Resistor R5_____________33K 1/4W Resistor R6,R7_________100K 1/4W Resistors R8____________220K 1/4W Resistor R9____________330K 1/4W Resistor R10___________500K Trimmer Cermet C1,C2__________10nF 63V Polyester Capacitors C3-C7_________100nF 63V Polyester Capacitors C8____________220µF 35V Electrolytic Capacitor D1,D7___________LEDs Red 5mm. (see Notes) D2-D6________1N4148 75V 150mA Diodes Q1___________2N3819 General purpose FET Q2,Q3_________BC337 45V 800mA NPN Transistors IC1,IC2________7555 or TS555CN CMos Timer ICs P1_____________SPST Pushbutton SW1____________DPDT Switch BUT____________Battery under test Holder or clips to connect the Battery under test to the circuit Testing 3V to 15V batteries: 1. Switch SW1 as shown in the circuit diagram. 2. Place the battery under test in a suitable holder or clip it to the circuit. 3. Wait some seconds in order to let C8 reach its full charge. 4. LED D1 illuminates at a constant intensity, independent of battery voltage. 5. If D1 illuminates very weakly or is completely off the battery is unusable. 6. If D1 has a good illumination, press P1 and keep an eye to LED D7. If D7 remains completely off, the battery is in a very good state. 7. If D7 illuminates brightly for a few seconds, the battery is weak. This condition is confirmed by a noticeable weakening in D1 brightness. 8. If D7 illuminates weakly for a few seconds but D1 maintain the same light intensity, the battery is still good but is not new. Testing 1.5V batteries: 1. Switch SW1 in the position opposite to that shown in the circuit diagram. 2. Place the battery under test in a suitable holder or clip it to the circuit. 3. Wait some seconds in order to let C8 reach its full charge. 4. LED D1 illuminates very weakly only in presence of a new battery, otherwise is off. 5. Press P1 and keep an eye to LED D7. If D7 remains fully off the battery can be in very good state. 6. If D7 illuminates brightly for a few seconds, the battery is weak. 7. If D7 illuminates weakly for a few seconds, the battery is still good but is not new. 8. If you are suspecting a 1.5V cell to be completely discharged, a better test can be made wiring two 1.5V batteries in series, then running the 3V test. Circuit operation: FET Q1 provides a constant current generator biasing LED D1 and Q2 Base. In this manner D1 illuminates at a constant intensity, independent of battery voltage from 3 to 15V and Q2 (when P1 is closed) applies a constant current load of about 120mA to the battery. IC1 is a square wave generator oscillating at about 3KHz. IC2 acts as an inverter and drives, together with IC1 but in anti-phase, Diodes D2-D6 and Capacitors C4-C7, obtaining a voltage multiplication. C8 is charged by this raised voltage and R8-R10 form a voltage divider biasing the Base of Q3. When P1 is open, a very light load is applied to the battery under test and Q3 Base is biased in order to maintain LED D7 in the off state. Closing P1, a 120mA load is applied to the battery under test. If the battery is not fully charged, its output voltage starts reducing: when this voltage falls 0.6V below the battery nominal voltage, Q3 Emitter becomes more negative than the Base, the transistor is hard biased and D7 illuminates. Obviously, this state of affairs will last a few seconds: the time spent by C8 to reduce its initial voltage to the new one, proportional to the voltage of the loaded battery. If the battery under test is in a good charging state, its output voltage will not fall under a 120mA loading current, so LED D7 will stay off. When testing 1.5V batteries, the circuit formed by Q1, Q2, D1, R1 & R2 does not work well at this supply voltage, so a 150mA load current is applied to the BUT by means of the 10 Ohm resistor R3 after switching SW1A. Q3 bias is also changed via SW1B. Notes: * To set-up this circuit apply a 6 to 7.5V voltage source to the input and trim R10 until LED D7 is completely off (without pushing on P1). * 1.5V test position needs no set-up. * CMos 555 ICs must be used for IC1 & IC2 because they are the only cheap devices able to oscillate at 1.5V supply or less

Transistor tester circuit

This is a simple circuit to test transistors.I think you can simply fix this.Hfe as high as 1000 can be measured by using this circuit.The POT R4 can be adjusted to get a constant current of 10uA.

Notes

# J1 and J2 are transistor sockets.
# The Zener diodes must be rated at least 400mW.

Wireless mains voltage tester.

You can use this to test whether the electricity is available in the line or not just attach a wire for the end of senser then you can get signals easily 1 feet is enough

note

Use 9V PP3 battery for powering the circuit.